Social Development and Security

The Socioeconomic Impact of the Zangezur Corridor on the South Caucasus Region

Elshan Hashimov — 2025-08-10

Purpose: to critically assess the socio-economic impact of the Zangezur Corridor on the regions it traverses, with a focus on key indicators such as employment, income levels, migration trends, local business development, and social infrastructure.

Method: SWOT and PESTEL analyses, triangulation analysis.

Findings: The research is among the first academic studies evaluating the socio-economic effects of the Zangezur Corridor. Its operation has already led to the creation of new jobs in the region. According to the survey, 72% of respondents feel that new employment opportunities have emerged. Official statistical forecasts predict that while the unemployment rate stood at 8% in 2021, it will drop to 4.5% by 2025. Approximately 70% of respondents indicated a willingness to remain or return to the region. Enhanced employment opportunities and the development of social infrastructure have reduced migration to large cities and, in some cases, even encouraged reverse migration. The construction of new roads, transport networks, and logistics centers has accelerated economic development. The corridor has facilitated the market access of agricultural and industrial products, thereby expanding export possibilities. The results demonstrate that the Zangezur Corridor is not merely a transportation route but also a strategic project that fosters the region’s socio-economic development. Successful implementation of the project requires stronger public-private partnerships and the formulation of long-term socio-economic plans.

Practical implications: Strategic recommendations are provided for future economic and infrastructure projects in the region. The results suggest that targeted investments in transport infrastructure can stimulate the growth of local businesses, enhance market access for agricultural and industrial goods, and diversify regional economies.

Value: This paper offers original empirical insight into one of the most strategically significant yet understudied infrastructure projects in the South Caucasus—the Zangezur Corridor.

Paper type: empirical.

Military Operations for Law Enforcement.

Mhd Halkis — 2025-08-31

Purpose. to analyze the strategy and tactics of the Indonesian Army Special Forces Command (Kopassus) within the Nemangkawi Task Force during joint operations with the National Police of Indonesia, focusing on counterinsurgency measures against the Papuan separatist armed group (KKSB).

Method. The research employs a qualitative approach based on a collective case study method. Data sources include official documents, academic publications, interviews with task force members, and analytical materials concerning the activities of KKSB. The analysis covers the three operational phases of the Nemangkawi Task Force (2018–2022).

Findings. The results demonstrate that KKSB posed a significant threat to Indonesian sovereignty by employing violent tactics such as killings, ambushes, hostage-taking, and propaganda about alleged human rights violations. Kopassus involvement initially improved operational effectiveness, though results declined as KKSB adapted its strategies. The dual nature of the operations—military and law enforcement—required high-level coordination between the army and the police. Weaknesses included limited trust from the local population, civilian casualties, and KKSB’s effective international propaganda efforts.

Practical implications. The findings can be applied to improve joint army–police counterinsurgency operations, design personnel training models to minimize losses, and strengthen information policies against separatist propaganda. This case may also serve as a practical model for military education institutions in Indonesia and other countries facing similar challenges.

Originality/value. The article provides one of the few comprehensive examinations of the Nemangkawi Operation as an example of hybrid military–law enforcement activity. It contributes to the understanding of counterinsurgency operations in Southeast Asia and offers new insights into the integration of military and police strategies in combating separatism.

Paper type. Applied nature.

Mathematical Model of Maximizing the Value of the Integral Index of State Border Security

Vladyslav Shevchuk — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To develop an optimization mathematical model for maximizing the value of the integral index of state border security.

Method. The model is based on the integral index of state border security (IBS) as an objective function that needs to be maximized. The variables in the model are not the indicators themselves, but the controlling influences or resources aimed at improving these indicators.

Findings. А mathematical model for maximizing the value of the integral security index of the state border was developed and implemented in the Matlab environment.

Theoretical implications. Theoretically, the methodology enriches the field of mathematical modeling in security systems by demonstrating how evaluation indices can be transformed into optimization problems.

Originality/Value. The novelty lies in the integration of the evaluation model and aggregation of the objective function to a specific IIB index with elements of mathematical programming for optimal resource allocation in the context of state border security.

Future research. In the course of further research, it is advisable to process the input data and develop a software product for computer support.

Paper type. Theoretical.

Key Steps of Ukraine in the Military and National Security System to Increase Cognitive Resilience (2025-2028): Recommendations in the Cognitive and Military-Economic Spheres

Oleh Semenenko — 2025-08-31

Purpose. Outline the key steps of Ukraine in 2025–2028 in the military and national security system, aimed at increasing the cognitive resilience of society and the defense sector, taking into account the threats of the Russian-Ukrainian war, global trends in information confrontation, and the economic challenges of the war.

Method. Methods of analysis and synthesis; comparison; strategic analysis.

Findings. Ukraine's key steps to increase cognitive resilience in 2025–2028 were identified under various scenarios of the development of the Russian-Ukrainian war; a system of military-economic consequences of cognitive influence was formed; a holistic description of Ukraine's key steps for 2025–2028 to increase its own cognitive resilience and, at the same time, a systematic, legitimate influence on the consciousness of Russians - citizens, elites and target groups..

Theoretical implications. The results of the study can be used by specialists of higher-level military command bodies to form views on further countering cognitive threats during an ongoing war.

Paper type. Theoretical.

Ukrainian Security Diplomacy in the New Geopolitical Reality: Security Guarantees for Ukraine, Risks and Challenges

Volodymyr Gurkovskyi — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To examine key trends in Ukraine’s security diplomacy in the post-war world, including multilateral guarantees, economic reconstruction, countering hybrid threats, defense cooperation, and scientific diplomacy, providing recommendations to strengthen Ukraine’s role in the new geopolitical reality.

Method. A historical-comparative method.

Findings. Five trends identified: Ukraine’s geopolitical role, countering hybrid threats, security guarantees, economic reconstruction, and scientific diplomacy.

Theoretical implications. Development of Ukraine’s resilience diplomacy concept, integrating historical lessons (Congress of Vienna) with modern challenges (2025 negotiations, hybrid threats), enriching theories of international relations and security strategies.

Paper type. Theoretical.

The Generatıonal Dıvısıon of Warfare and Controversıal Issues

Zafar Nuri Najafov — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To identify the transformational trends and controversial points of the changing face of military violence in the context of the concept of “Generations of warfare”.

Method. Historical, comparative analysis, systematic approach, and structural analysis methods.

Findings. Although the concept of “Generations of warfare” allows for a systematic study of the transformations from the classical to the hybrid form of military violence, and for the identification of the specific developmental determinants of different conflict generations, it should not be considered perfect. The incompleteness of generations of warfare, the lack of fundamental differences between some generations, is considered a new challenge to this concept.

Theoretical implications. The concept of “Generations of warfare”, put forward by Lind in 1989, does not keep pace with modern military developments and armed conflicts, the concept of “generations of warfare” is not defined by clear boundaries. This theory is unable to explain the subsequent transformation of methods and means of military operations, the decisive impact of non-kinetic means – drones, artificial intelligence and cyberattacks – on military skill, as well as the essence of technology-based cyberwarfare and hybrid wars. This gap has been filled in the study of 5th generation warfare.

Practical implications. The concept of “Generations of warfare” has had a significant impact on the improvement of combat equipment, the emergence of new tactics, and the transformation of military skills. With the help of the concept of “Generations of warfare”, practitioners can study the dynamics of military and military-practical transformations that have marked a huge period in human history, from the classical form of military violence to the hybrid form and become familiar with the shortcomings in this direction.

Value. This article aims to study the dominant strategies and technologies of each generation of warfare in the context of the concept of “Generations of Warfare”, to explain the problematic aspects and to improve it in accordance with the requirements of new transformations.

New Approaches in Military Personnel Training: A Pedagogical Evaluation of Teaching Methods

Mujkan Mammadzada — 2025-08-31

Purpose. The purpose is to scientifically analyze and evaluate the pedagogical effectiveness of new teaching methods applied in modern military personnel training.

Method. A comparison has been made between various pedagogical approaches, international military education practices, and the methods applied within the Azerbaijani military education system, and their effectiveness has been evaluated from both theoretical and practical perspectives.

Theoretical implications. The research revealed that the integration of modern teaching methods into military education significantly contributes to enhancing pedagogical quality in officer training. Problem-based learning, simulation, and interactive methods strengthen cadets’ analytical thinking, decision-making, and leadership skills. The systematic and continuous application of these approaches can ensure the development of the Azerbaijani military education system in alignment with international standards.

Practical implications. The implementation of problem-based learning models in military education institutions enables cadets to prepare for real combat scenarios. The use of simulation and technological training tools facilitates the practical development of decision-making, coordination, and operational planning skills. Organizing professional development programs for instructors on interactive teaching methods enhances the overall effectiveness of instruction. Integrating subjects that develop leadership and socio-emotional competencies into curricula strengthens cadets’ ability to work in teams and improves their psychological resilience. Reinforcing a student-centered approach within the teaching process increases cadet motivation and active engagement in learning.

Value. This article provides a scientific justification for the application of pedagogical innovations in the modern military education system and analyzes the practical impact of new teaching methods, identifying realistic and purposeful directions for aligning the development of Azerbaijan’s military education with international best practices.

Development of Evaluation Models for Surface-to-Air Missile Firing Effectiveness with Consideration of Air Target Kill Probabilities

Pavlo Openko — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To develop a partial model for calculating the values of conditional probabilities of target engagement, to generate optimal options for countering enemy air strikes, and to justify the general directions for improving elements of the fire control system.

Method. The main research methods are: statistical analysis, numerical methods, and comparative analysis.

Findings. А relationship is presented between the values of conditional probabilities of target engagement and nine key parameters that characterize surface-to-air missile firing and fire control. The practical results obtained from the partial model are essential for the effective employment of weapon systems as intended.

Theoretical implications. The article provides calculations that make it possible to pre-plan several courses of action for self-propelled fire units (combat vehicles) and subunits in repelling enemy air strikes. The model takes into account the parameters of the enemy air strike against the combat formations of friendly forces. Currently, there is no existing partial model that determines the effectiveness of missile firing while considering the probabilities of air targets entering the target allocation zone. The study also includes an assessment of the probability that air targets will not exit the missile launch and engagement zones of the surface-to-air missile system after launch. This assessment considers factors such as the effective radar cross-section (RCS) of targets, the level of jamming, and target overload during maneuvering. Therefore, the task of developing response options for self-propelled fire units and subunits in countering enemy strikes is both important and timely.

Forming a Regulatory Model of the Life Cycle for Military Ground Robotic Systems

Andrii Diadechko — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To substantiate approaches to the development of a regulatory life cycle model for military ground robotic systems, taking into account their technological and functional specificities, as well as to analyze the limitations of current regulatory documents on life cycle management of weapons and military equipment.

Method. The study applies a systems analysis of national regulatory standards in the field of weapons and military equipment, along with a comparative analysis of commonly used life cycle models.

Findings. An adapted regulatory life cycle model for military ground robotic systems is developed. The model accounts for the need for rapid modernization cycles, configuration management features, software support, and operation under dynamic tactical conditions.

Theoretical implications. The research expands the theoretical framework for regulatory control of the life cycle of advanced military systems and contributes to the development of national standards tailored to new classes of combat platforms.

Practical implications. The proposed model can be used in the development of technical requirements, testing programs, life cycle documentation, and regulatory acts governing the adoption and logistical support of military ground robotic systems.

Originality. Originality lies in the integration of traditional regulatory approaches with agile life cycle management principles for cyber-physical systems, and in the structural separation of hardware and software life cycles within a unified model.

Paper type. Analytical and research article.

The The Features of Students’ Awareness of Modern Road Safety Issues

Solomiya Pysarevska — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To assess the level of students’ awareness of risky pedestrian behaviours, their attitudes towards road safety improvement measures, and their subjective perception of the safety of different modes of movement.

Method. A quantitative method of online surveying (Google Forms) was used in the study. A total of 410 students aged 16–23 from Ukraine (the city of Lviv) participated in the survey. An adapted ESRA 2 questionnaire was used, which included sociodemographic questions, an assessment of self-reported pedestrian behaviour, and perceptions of transport safety.

Findings. It was found that the most common types of risky behavior were using a mobile phone, crossing the road outside of a pedestrian crossing, and listening to music while walking (95%, 86%, and 75%, respectively). Students subjectively consider private cars to be the safest mode of transportation, although statistically, it is the most dangerous. Support for safety measures is higher for physical protective equipment (helmets, reflective clothing) than for restrictions on smartphone use. Gender and place of residence significantly influence pedestrian behavior.

Theoretical implications. The results confirm and extend existing concepts regarding the influence of cognitive and social factors on risky pedestrian behaviour. The study demonstrates the significance of digital distractions as an independent predictor of unsafe behaviour.

Practical implications. The obtained data can be used to develop educational programs in higher education institutions aimed at increasing students’ awareness of actual risks and effective safety measures. In addition, the results can serve as a basis for targeted social campaigns and for shaping public policy on the prevention of road traffic accidents.

Originality/Value. The paper offers a comprehensive analysis of self-declared pedestrian behavior among Ukrainian students in the context of modern digital culture, which has so far been virtually unexplored. Comparing the subjective assessment of transport safety with actual road traffic accident statistics makes it possible to identify significant cognitive distortions in risk perception.

Research limitations/Future research. The limitations of the study include the geographical sample (Lviv) and the self-declarative nature of the data, which may be accompanied by socially desirable responses. Promising directions for further research include experimental observations of actual pedestrian behavior, as well as expanding the sample to other regions of Ukraine and comparing different age groups.

Concepts of Occupational Protection, Occupational Safety and Health and Well-Being of Employees at Work

Vitaly Tsopa — 2025-08-31

Purpose: analysis of concepts of labor protection, occupational safety and health at work and well-being of employees at work in order to find further ways of developing organizational management systems.

Мethod: comparative analysis of various existing concepts of labor protection and benchmarking with elements of brainstorming.

Research results: аn analysis of three existing concepts was conducted and their strengths were identified, which allow reducing the number of injuries, increasing labor productivity and creating conditions for the comprehensive development of the employee. The basic components of each concept on labor protection, safety and health of employees at work and well-being of employees at work were established.The advantages of each concept were determined. It was shown that the concept of well-being of employees at work allows creating a psychologically positive and supportive working environment.

Theoretical implications: consists in identifying the components of well-being at work that go beyond physical safety and include holistic care for the mental, social, and financial health of employees, indicating the future vector of employee personality development.

Practical implications : consists in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of existing concepts of occupational safety and health and safety of workers at work, which became the basis for identifying key ideas for developing the concept of well-being of workers at work.

Application of Neural Networks for Selecting Tools for Penetration Testing

Andriian Piskozub — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To develop a method for the automated selection of penetration testing tools for web applications using neural networks.

Method. Construction of a feedforward neural network trained with the backpropagation algorithm using expert and user data represented as a matrix of tool characteristics. Implementation of the model through a web service using the LAMP stack and FANN library.

Findings. A web application was developed that allows users to specify criteria for testing tools, and the system provides appropriate recommendations. The trained neural network demonstrates effectiveness in selecting utilities based on input vectors, confirmed by experiments with Acunetix, Nessus, and Nexpose. The system incorporates both expert data and user feedback, ensuring its dynamic adaptation.

Theoretical implications. The study substantiates the effectiveness of neural networks for the automated selection of tools in cybersecurity, paving the way for new approaches to integrating machine learning into penetration testing processes.

Practical implications. The developed web service can be used as an auxiliary tool by security testers, especially beginners, for fast and justified selection of testing tools.

Value. The study shows that the application of neural networks increases the efficiency of tool selection and simplifies decision-making during web application testing.

Future research. Improving the model architecture, explainability of neural network decisions, scaling the system to larger datasets, and expanding the toolset.

Selection of Organizational Forms for Metrological Support of Digital IT Projects

Vitalii Yarovyi — 2025-08-31

Purpose. Determination of the organizational form option for metrological support of digital IT projects during the development of a unified information and analytical system for digital projects.

Method. Methods of systems analysis, comparative analysis, conceptual modeling, generalization, and an expert-analytical approach.

Findings. The organizational forms of metrological support for digital IT projects have been examined, aimed at creating a unified information and analytical platform for continuous monitoring of software quality.

Theoretical implications. The theoretical principles, conclusions, and recommendations presented in the paper may serve as a foundation for further scientific research and discussions on improving metrological support for digital IT projects.

Practical implications. The implementation of the recommendations and proposals substantiated in the paper is aimed at developing integrated approaches to metrological support of digital projects. This will contribute to expanding existing knowledge and practices in the field of metrological support for digital IT projects by integrating metrology into the overall concept of strategic management of digital projects.

Originality of the study. This research analyzes specific factors influencing the functioning of the entire vertical structure of management bodies and the implementation of metrological support measures, which have not previously been the subject of comprehensive scientific investigation.

A Framework to Secure Business Assets Against Social Engineering Attacks in State Corporations in Kenya

John Maiyo — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To develop a framework for securing business assets against social engineering attacks in state corporations in Kenya.

Method: Mixed methods.

Findings. The study found a rise in social engineering (SE) attacks, with phishing being the most common. Employee awareness and training were identified as the most critical factors in managing SE threats, supported by awareness programs, reporting practices, and integration with other training initiatives.

Theoretical Implications. A lack of tailored frameworks and methods for addressing SE attacks in Kenyan state corporations was identified, underscoring the need for an effective cybersecurity framework.

Practical implications. The study provides insights for cybersecurity professionals to better prevent, detect, and respond to SE attacks, while helping state corporations strengthen security, promote cybersecurity culture, and improve policy and governance.

Value. It highlights the importance of employee compliance with security policies and skills in mitigating SE threats to business assets.

Future Research. Further work should focus on advanced detection techniques, such as machine learning, and the impact of emerging technologies like AI chatbots on SE methods.

Protective Layered Model of a Multi-Component Architectural-Composite Structure of an Optoelectronic Information Leakage Channel

Nazarii Dzyanyi — 2025-08-31

Purpose. Development of a protective model of a multi-component architectural-composite structure of an optoelectronic information leakage channel, which, unlike existing approaches, takes into account the complex interaction of layered elements and allows for a more accurate assessment and minimization of the risks of speech information leakage.

Method. Theoretical generalization and practical modeling based on the results of previous empirical studies.

Findings. А protective model of a multi-component architecturally-composed structure of an optoelectronic information leakage channel has been constructed, which takes into account the combination of layered elements, the response from the passage of a laser beam into the interior of the premises and in the opposite direction, and is deployed at the level of an aggregate and complex model. A mathematical model has been developed that describes the minimization of information loss through the optoelectronic information leakage channel from the Laser Acoustic Reconnaissance Systems, allowing to determine the optimal amount of risk reduction for each hypothetical layer of the source material, which, in turn, corresponds to the maximum degree of security of the premises.

Theoretical implications. The study develops the theoretical foundations of information protection by proposing a complex model of the optoelectronic leakage channel, which takes into account the complex processes of interaction of laser radiation with multilayer structures.

Practical implications. The research provides a scientific basis for the design and optimization of protective systems, allowing to achieve the most effective counteraction to laser acoustic reconnaissance systems by targeted influence on the physical properties of multilayer architectural components. The results of the research can be used to modernize existing information protection systems, for example, by developing new types of protective films or coatings for windows.

Value. The study demonstrates that the developed model and the obtained results can be used to create more effective protection tools, which will contribute to increasing the security of information systems and objects and stimulate further interdisciplinary research in this important field.

Automated System for Recognizing Air Targets Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Oleg Lavrov — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To enhance the efficiency and accuracy of air defense systems through the development and implementation of an automated air target recognition system based on deep learning methods, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs).

Method. A quantitative approach was applied using the public Drone Image Classification Dataset containing four image classes (three types of drones and a negative class).

Findings. The developed model demonstrated high classification accuracy of air targets under test conditions, ensuring reliable drone identification and robustness against background noise.

Theoretical implications. The research deepens the scientific understanding of applying convolutional neural networks to real-time air object recognition tasks, contributing to the advancement of computer vision theory in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles.

Practical implications. The obtained results can be utilized for the development and improvement of air defense systems, strategic facility protection, and critical infrastructure security.

Originality of the study. An effective CNN architecture for multi-class air target classification using a public dataset has been proposed, incorporating a negative class to improve system robustness.

Research limitations. The model was tested on static images; to improve its real-world performance, further research should address video stream processing and computational optimization methods for embedded systems.

Organizational and Legal Principles of Accounting for Military Expenditures and Losses

Artem Filippov — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To elucidate the organizational and legal foundations for recording and accounting for military losses and expenditures within the system of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine in the context of the Russian Federation’s armed aggression.

Method. Comparative analysis; synthesis; induction and deduction; a systems approach; content analysis; and the doctrinal (special-legal) method.

Findings. The study outlines the organizational and legal framework for recording and accounting for losses and expenditures in the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine and identifies key gaps and problem areas in the current system, particularly under conditions of martial law.

Theoretical implications. Analysis of the current legal and regulatory framework indicates fragmentation and insufficient integration of the system for accounting for military expenditures and losses with modern digital solutions and international practices.

Practical implications. The study reveals problematic aspects of the mechanisms for accounting for military expenditures and losses that affect the completeness and reliability of information on damages incurred and the development of an evidentiary basis for subsequent reparations.

The State of Russia's Economic Development in the Context of Full-Scale Aggression Against Ukraine

Mykola Tkach — 2025-08-31

Purpose. The purpose of this study is a systematic analysis of the transformations that took place in the economy of the Russian Federation in the period from 2022 to 2025 as a result of the full-scale war against Ukraine.

Method. The study uses systemic and interdisciplinary approaches that combine elements of macroeconomic analysis, political economy, military economics and sanctions policy.

Findings. developing specific, innovative recommendations for governments, international organizations and other stakeholders that can be implemented to maximize efforts to put economic pressure on the russian federation.

Theoretical implications. The results of the study complement the existing theoretical research in the field of development of the military-industrial complex, and also take into account the practical experience of the russian-Ukrainian war.

Practical implications. The study will help to deepen the understanding of the impact of military conflicts on the country's economy, in particular, on its macroeconomic indicators, financial sector, foreign economic relations, social sphere and other aspects.

Originality/Value. The results of the study can help governmental institutions and international organizations in developing and adapting economic policies and strategies aimed at maximizing economic pressure on the russian federation to reduce its ability to meet military needs.

Research limitations/Future research. is to provide specific tools and recommendations that can be used by various stakeholders to maximize economic pressure on the russian economy to reduce its economic capacity to meet military needs.

Expenditures of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine: Analysis from the Perspective of Transformational Economic Prospects

Maria Zozulinska — 2025-08-31

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between military expenditures and economic growth within the context of Ukraine’s prewar and wartime economy, using rigorous econometric tools.

Design/Method/Approach: This paper applies a quantitative econometric approach using historical time series data (1993–2023) on economic growth and military expenditures. The methodology combines stationarity testing (ADF), Granger causality, VAR modeling, Ridge regression, and OLS, supported by data transformation techniques, including differentiation and logarithmic scaling. Python-based statistical libraries were used to structure, test, and interpret trends and relationships. This approach ensures model stability, tests causality, and assesses budget predictability in wartime conditions.

Findings: The results of the study indicate that economic growth and military expenditures in Ukraine do not have a significant statistical or causal relationship. Granger causality tests, VAR modeling, and regression analysis yielded weak or insignificant coefficients, indicating minimal interaction. Despite the war, military expenditures are not a cause of GDP growth according to Granger, and vice versa. Econometric models showed instability and low predictive power, confirming that the military budget functions independently of short-term economic indicators.

Theoretical implications (if applicable): The study questions traditional assumptions that military expenditure stimulates economic growth, especially in wartime. It supports the idea that defense expenditures during wartime can function independently of macroeconomic cycles, suggesting a need to revise models that directly link public sector spending to economic growth. The author also rethink the ideology of Ukraine's war economy in the context of emergency fiscal measures and nonlinear interactions between national security and national productivity.

Originality/Value: This study contains an econometric analysis of Ukraine's defense budget under martial law, combining VAR modeling, stationarity testing, and Ridge regression. Its novelty lies in the application of advanced time series analysis methods to real data from pre-war and wartime periods, revealing the absence of statistical significance and predictive links between economic growth and military expenditures. These findings are of strategic importance for policy makers, offering a data-driven perspective on budget sustainability, fiscal planning, and institutional reform in post-conflict economies.

Research limitations/Future research: The prospect for further research involves expanding the range of time series and comparing the results with other countries. It is also advisable to apply forecasting based on machine learning methods.

Paper type: theoretical-empirical.

The Evolution of State Policy in Public and Defense Procurement in Ukraine: Challenges and Development Pathways

Olena Holota — 2025-08-31

Purpose. Analyse stages of Ukraine’s public and defense procurement policy (2014–2024), identify key transformation challenges, and assess compliance with international standards.

Method. Theoretical analysis, comparative-legal method, institutional analysis.

Findings. Systematises the 2014–2024 policy transformation; records transparency gains (Prozorro, EU harmonisation) and wartime risks from simplified procedures. Evaluates new institutions—State Enterprise “Defense Procurement Agency” and State Enterprise “State Logistics Operator”—against international professionalisation benchmarks. Concludes on the need to strengthen institutional capacity, tighten control and accountability, and return to competitive procedures after martial law.

Theoretical implications. Frames procurement policy as an interplay of national legislation, international commitments, and institutional change; conceptualises reforms as cyclical, with war shifting priorities among transparency, speed, and security. Contributes to scholarship in public administration, defense policy, and European integration.

Practical implications. Identifies critical inflection points and improvement areas; informs post-war recovery policy, alignment with international standards, and managerial decisions in defense procurement.

Value. Offers the first comprehensive wartime analysis of public and defense procurement transformation aligned with international standards, providing actionable recommendations for reform during post-war recovery.

Paper type. Theoretical and analytical

Storytelling in the Defense Sector

Kostyantin Nizheiko — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To identify the communicative and informational-psychological aspects of storytelling as a tool of influence in the military-industrial sphere and national security.

Findings. A general definition of storytelling, its functions, and role in forming an emotional connection between the audience and the communicator are provided. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of defense activities in the context of modern information warfare, where storytelling is used as an effective means of psychological influence, mobilization of support, and formation of a positive image of military structures. Current trends in the use of storytelling in military communications, particularly in strategic communications, information campaigns, and influence operations, are outlined. Typical themes of military narratives are explored: heroism, sacrifice, brotherhood, struggle for independence, and defense of values. The features of military storytelling are identified, such as emotional intensity, appeal to national identity, visual and audio expressiveness, and adaptation to various platforms (social networks, video, blogs, documentary formats, etc.).

Originality. The study presents in a systematized storytelling as a comprehensive communication tool in the defense sector, combining psychological, marketing, and strategic dimensions. It proposes a structured mechanism for using storytelling to influence public opinion, government decisions, and the positioning of defense industry products in the international environment. The main steps for the practical implementation of storytelling in the strategies of Ukrainian defense sector companies are substantiated.

Decision Matrix as a Tool for Substantiating Options to Ensure Sufficient National Defense Capacity

Oleh Semenenko — 2025-08-31

Purpose. highlight the results of a numerical experiment on decision-making in defence resource management. This allows for a comprehensive assessment of the current state of defence sufficiency, identifying weaknesses and proposing ways to address them effectively.

Method. Analysis, synthesis, comparison, formalization and evaluation of the material, abstraction and conjunctural analysis (thinking).

Findings. The creation of a scientifically based tool (the Decision Matrix) to support management decisions and ensure the defence sufficiency of the state. This tool allows critical weaknesses to be assessed, priority areas of development to be identified, and specific management scenarios to be proposed in order to increase the level of defence sufficiency by concentrating resources on the most vulnerable areas of the national economy.

Theoretical implications. The results of the study can be used to improve theoretical approaches to the formation of a system of criteria and indicators of the state’s defence sufficiency and optimisation of strategic management of defence resources in the context of hybrid threats.

Methodology for Assessing the Ability of a National Economy to Ensure Its Defense Potential: Structural and Logical Scheme and Algorithm

Ihor Moskalenko — 2025-08-31

Purpose. To develop a structural and logical scheme and algorithm for the methodology for assessing the ability of the national economy to ensure its defense potential.

Method. Methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, strategic analysis, expert survey, weighted indicator method.

Findings. Analysis of existing approaches to assessing the ability of the national economy of a state to ensure its defense potential; structural and logical scheme and algorithm of the methodology for assessing the ability of the national economy to ensure its defense potential; a practical example of assessing the ability of the national economy of Ukraine to ensure its defense potential by main components; an example of ranges of fuzzy scales for assessing the state of the defense potential and the ability of the national economy of a state to ensure its sufficient level.

Theoretical implications. The results of the study can be used by specialists of higher-level military command bodies, as well as by public administration specialists and scientists in the field of military-economic research.