Actualization and ways to improve of work culture in Ukraine

Abstract

It is established that the number of accidents for organizational reasons (characterizing the level of the work culture) decreased by 16.3% for the period from 2010 to 2014 (the period of validity of the Decree No. 969/922/216). In doing so, the most active decrease was observed for the period from 2011 to 2012 (by 10%).  For the period from 2007 to 2011 (before validity of the Decree), as well as for the period from 2014 to 2019 (after validity of the Decree), similar indicators increased by 2.5% and 3.1% respectively, indicating a need for aiming for reform the system of training and education of occupational health and safety experts and develop measures to motivation at enterprises to comply with the requirements of legal normative documents in the occupational health and safety obligatory. The main problems of the system of training of future occupational health and safety experts in universities of Ukraine are: the general nature of the content and essence of the existing “safety” competence (in the occupational health and safety field) in education standards leading to the formality of the training of students in the occupational health and safety field through convergence different disciplines, reducing the hours for their acquiring, changing forms of control of students' knowledge from examination to test, as well as moving of relevant disciplines in the choice category, resulting in the process of their elimination; the lack of “safe” competence in 68% of education standards;  the lack of education standards for 44% specialties of training of future experts. The main ways to improve of work culture in Ukraine are: update of Decree No. 969/922/216, that will allow to concretize the requirements of the “safe activity” competence for the education standards on the  principle “from the general to the specific”; development of mathematical models to determine of objective dependencies between qualitative characteristics of educational material and psycho-physiological abilities of a person to its acquiring during a certain time based on the provisions of  known psychophysiological laws; inclusion in the characteristics of the teacherʼs qualification according to the types and results of professional activity of the “Licensed Conditions for Educational Activity” provisions concerning  obligatory compliance the profile education or scientific degree and the subjects of scientific works of the teacher  with the profile of the department and the disciplines that he teaches; providing educational standards to all specialties without exception, within which will take into account the requirements of Decree No. 969/922/216; transition of the social insurance system of Ukraine from the existing concept of payment of a unified social tax to the concept of a differentiated approach of payment of such tax in relation to the risk level of occupational dangers origin for each workplace. The actuality and the ways to improve of work culture in Ukraine are substantiated. The results of the research will be used as an analytical and theoretical basis for the development of scientific bases to minimize the “human factor” sign in the occupational health and safety field.